List of weather records

This is a list of weather records, a list of the most extreme occurrences of weather phenomena for various categories. Many weather records are measured under specific conditions—such as surface temperature and wind speed—to keep consistency among measurements around the Earth. Each of these records is understood to be the record value officially observed, as these records may have been exceeded before modern weather instrumentation was invented, or in remote areas without an official weather station.

Contents

Temperature

The standard measuring conditions for temperature are two meters above the ground, and shielded from direct sunlight (hence the term, x degrees "in the shade").

Heat

Highest temperature ever recorded

Temperature Location Date
Africa/On Earth 57.8 °C (136.0 °F) 'Aziziya, Libya 1922-09-13[1]
Algeria 51.0 °C (123.8 °F) Illizi 2011-08-18[2]
Benin 44.5 °C (112 °F) Kandi  ?[3]
Botswana 42.6 °C (108.4 °F) Tsabong  ?[3]
Burkina Faso 47.2 °C (117 °F) Dori  ?[3]
Burundi 36.1 °C (97 °F) Bujumbura  ?[3]
Cameroon 47.7 °C (117.9 °F) Kousseri  ?[4]
Central African Republic 45 °C (113 °F) Birao  ?[3]
Chad 47.6 °C (117.7 °F) Faya-Largeau 2010-06-22[4]
Congo-Brazaville 39.2 °C (102.6 °F) Mpouya 2011-07-03[3]
Congo-Kinshasa 38.6 °C (101.5 °F) Kisangani  ?[3]
Côte d'Ivoire 41.5 °C (106.7 °F) Odienne  ?[3]
Djibouti 49.5 °C (121 °F) Tadjourah  ?[3]
Egypt 50.3 °C (122.6 °F) Kharga  ?[3]
Eritrea 48 °C (118.4 °F) Massawa  ?[3]
Ethiopia 48.9 °C (120 °F) Dallol  ?[3]
Gambia 45.5 °C (114 °F) Basse Santa Su  ?[3]
Ghana 43.9 °C (111 °F) Navrongo  ?[3]
Guinea-Bissau 43.6 °C (110.5 °F) Bafata  ?[3]
Lesotho 39.4 °C (103 °F) Maseru  ?[3]
Malawi 45 °C (113 °F) Ngabu, Chikwana  ?[3]
Mali 48.2 °C (118 °F) Gao  ?[3]
Mauritania 50 °C (122 °F) Akjujt  ?[3]
Morocco 50.7 °C (123.2 °F) Semara 2009-08-16[2]
Mozambique 47.3 °C (117.2 °F) Chibuto 2009-02-03[2]
Namibia 47.8 °C (118 °F) Noordoewer 2009-02-06[2]
Niger 48.2 °C (118.8 °F) Bilma 2010-06-23[4]
Nigeria 46.4 °C (115.5 °F) Yola 2010-04-03[4]
Rwanda 35.4 °C (95.8 °F) Kigali  ?[2]
Senegal 48.8 °C (119.8 °F) Matam  ?[2]
Sierra Leone 40 °C (104 °F) Njala  ?[2]
Somalia 47.8 °C (118 °F) Berbera  ?[2]
South Africa 50.0 °C (122 °F) Dunbrody, Eastern Cape 2010-01-22[5]
Sudan 49.7 °C (121.5 °F) Dongola 2010-06-25[4]
Swaziland 46.1 °C (115 °F) Sidvokodvo  ?[2]
Tanzania 39.4 °C (103 °F) Zanzibar  ?[2]
Tunisia 50.1 °C (122.2 °F) El Borma  ?[2]
Uganda 39.4 °C (103 °F) Kigtum  ?[2]
Zambia 42.4 °C (108.3 °F) Mfuwe, Eastern Province 2010-10-13[4]
Zimbabwe 45.6 °C (114 °F) Beitbridge  ?[2]
Asia 53.9 °C (129 °F) Tirat Tsvi, North District, Israel 1942-06-21[6]
Bangladesh 45.1 °C (113.2°F) Rajshahi 1972-04-30[7]
China 49.7 °C (118 °F) Ading Lake, Turpan, Xinjiang, China 2008-08-03[4]
Cyprus 46.6 °C (115.9 °F) Lefkoniko, Cyprus 2010-08-01[4]
India 51.1 °C (123.9 °F) Purulia, West Bengal 2005-06-18[8]
Iraq 52.0 °C (125.7 °F) Basra
Ali Air Base, Nasiriyah		 2010-06-14[4]
2011-08-02[9][10]
Kuwait 53.5 °C (128.3 °F) Kuwait International Airport, Kuwait 2011-08-03[11]
Japan 40.9 °C (105.6 °F) Kumagaya, Saitama / Tajimi, Gifu 2007-08-16[12]
Malaysia 40.1 °C (104.2 °F) Chuping 1998-04-09[13]
Myanmar 47.0 °C (116.6 °F) Myinmu 2010-05-12[4]
Pakistan 53.5 °C (128.3 °F) Mohenjo-daro, Sindh 2010-05-26[4][14]
Philippines 42.2 °C (107.96 °F) Tuguegarao City, Cagayan Valley 1912-04-12[15]
Qatar 50.4 °C (122.7 °F) Doha 2010-07-14[4]
Russia 42.3 °C (108.1 °F) Belogorsk, Amur Oblast 2010-07-12[16]
Saudi Arabia 52.0 °C (125.6 °F) Jeddah 2010-06-22[4]
Singapore 36.0 °C (96.8 °F) Singapore 1998-03-26[13]
South Korea 40.0 °C (104 °F) Daegu 1942-08-01[17]
Thailand 44.5 °C (112.1°F) Uttaradit 1960-04-27[18]
Turkey 48.8 °C (119.8°F) Mardin 1993-08-14[19]
Oceania‡ 50.7 °C (123.3 °F) Oodnadatta, South Australia, Australia 1960-01-02[20][21][22]
New Zealand 42.4 °C (108.3 °F) Rangiora, Canterbury and Jordan, Marlborough (tied) 1973-02-07[23]
Solomon Islands 36.1 °C (97 °F) Honiara, Guadalcanal Province 2010-02-01[4]
Europe 48.0 °C (118.4 °F) Athens, Greece 1977-07-10[24]
Albania 43.9 °C (118.1 °F) Kuçovë 1973-07-18
Austria 39.7 °C (103.5 °F) Dellach im Drautal 1983-07-27[25]
Belarus 38.9 °C (102 °F) Gomel 2010-08-07[4]
Belgium 38.8 °C (102 °F) Uccle 1947-06-27
Bosnia and Herzegovina 46.2 °C (115.16 °F) Mostar (Herzegovina, Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina) 1900-07-31
Bulgaria 45.2 °C (113.3 °F) Sadovo, Plovdiv Province 1916-08-05[26]
Croatia 42.8 °C (109 °F) Ploče 1998-08-05[27]
Czech Republic 40.2 °C (104.4 °F) Prague-Uhříněves 1983-07-27[28]
Denmark 36.4 °C (97.5 °F) Holstebro, Midtjylland 1975-08-10[29]
England 38.5 °C (101.3 °F) Faversham, Kent 2003-08-10[30]
Estonia 35.6 °C (96.1 °F) Võru 1992-08-11[31]
Finland 37.2 °C (99.0 °F) Liperi 2010-07-29[32]
France 44.1 °C (110.1 °F) Conqueyrac / Saint-Christol-lès-Alès 2003-08-12[33]
Germany 40.2 °C (104.4 °F) Gärmersdorf bei Amberg / Karlsruhe & Freiburg 1983-07-27 / 2003-08-13[34]
Greenland 25.3 °C (77.5 °F) Tasilaq 2005-07-13[3][35]
Hungary 41.9 °C (107.4 °F) Kiskunhalas 2007-07-20[36]
Iceland 30.5 °C (86.9 °F) Teigarhorn, Djúpivogur 1939-06-22[37][38]
Ireland 33.3 °C (92 °F) Kilkenny Castle, County Kilkenny 1887-06-26[39]
Latvia 36.4 °C (97.5 °F) Daugavpils 1943-08-04[40]
Lithuania 37.5 °C (99.5 °F) Zarasai, Utena County 1994-07-30[41]
Macedonia 45.7 °C(114.26 °F) Demir Kapija, Demir Kapija Municipality 2007-07-24[42]
Moldova 41.5 °C(106.7 °F) Camenca, Camenca sub-district, Transnistria 2007-07-21[43]
Montenegro 44.8 °C (112.6 °F) Podgorica 2007-08-16
Netherlands 38.6 °C (102 °F) Warnsveld 1944-08-23[44]
Northern Ireland 30.8 °C (87.4 °F) Knockarevan, County Fermanagh / Belfast, County Antrim 1976-06-30 / 1983-07-12[30]
Norway 35.6 °C (96.1 °F) Nesbyen, Buskerud 1970-06-20[45]
Poland 40.2 °C (104.4 °F) Prószków, Opole Voivodeship (then in Germany) 1921-07-29[46]
Portugal 47.4 °C (117.3 °F) Amareleja, Beja 2003-08-01[47]
Romania 44.5 °C (112.1 °F) Ion Sion, Brăila County 1951-08-10[48]
Russia 45.4 °C (113.7 °F) Utta, Kalmykia 2010-07-12[49]
Scotland 32.9 °C (91.2 °F) Greycrook, Scottish Borders 2003-08-09[30]
Serbia 44.9 °C (112.8 °F) Smederevska Palanka, Podunavlje District 2007-07-24[50]
Slovakia 40.3 °C (104.5 °F) Hurbanovo 2007-07-20[3]
Slovenia 40.6 °C (105.1 °F) Črnomelj 1950-07-05[51]
Spain 47.2 °C (116.9 °F) Murcia 1994-07-04[52]
Sweden 38.0 °C (100.4 °F) Ultuna, Uppsala County / Målilla, Kalmar County 1933-07-09 / 1947-06-29[53]
Switzerland 41.5 °C (106.7 °F) Grono, Moesa District 2003-08-11[54]
Ukraine 42.0 °C (107.6 °F) Luhansk 2010-08-12[55]
Wales 35.2 °C (95.4 °F) Hawarden Bridge, Flintshire 1990-08-02[30]
North America 56.7 °C (134 °F) Death Valley, California, United States 1913-07-10[56]
Canada 45.0 °C (113 °F) Midale, Yellow Grass, Saskatchewan 1937-07-05[57]
Mexico 53.0 °C (127.4 °F) Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, Mexico [58] [59]
South America 49.1 °C (120.4 °F) Villa de María, Argentina 1920-01-02[20][60]
Bolivia 46.7 °C (116.1 °F) Villamontes, Tarija Department 2010-10-29*[4]
Brazil 44.7 °C (112.4 °F) Bom Jesus, Piauí 2005-11-21[61]
Colombia 42.3 °C (108 °F) Puerto Salgar, Cundinamarca Department 2010-10-29[4]
Uruguay 44 °C (111.2 °F) Paysandú, Paysandú Department 1943-01-20[62]
Venezuela 41 °C (105.8 °F) Maracaibo, Zulia State  ?[3]
Central America and Caribbean Islands 45 °C (113 °F) Olintepeque, Guatemala  ? [63]
Dominican Republic 43.0 °C (109.4 °F) Mao 1954-08-31[64] [65]
Cuba 38.8 °C (102 °F) Jucarito (Granma Province) 1999-04-17[66]
Commonwealth of Puerto Rico 37.2 °C (99 °F) Arecibo 1985-06-25[67]
Antarctica 14.6 °C (59 °F) Vanda Station, Scott Coast 1974-01-05[20]
South Pole −13.6 °C (7.5 °F) Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station 1978-12-27[68]
*Temperature reached on multiple occasions; this is the most recent.
†There are a few reports of temperatures higher than this during phenomena known as heat bursts, including a report of 87 °C (188 °F) in Abadan, Iran in June 1967. These temperatures have never been confirmed, and are not recognized as world records.[69]
‡On 16 January 1889, a temperature of 53 °C (128 °F) was recorded at Cloncurry, Queensland. It was measured with a non-standard thermometer, so it is unknown if this reading was valid or not.[20]

Other warm records

Cold

Lowest temperatures ever recorded

Temperature Location Date
Antarctica / On Earth −89.2 °C (−128.6 °F) Vostok Station 1983-07-21[20][70][72]
East Antarctica −82.5 °C (−116.5 °F) Dome A 2005-07[73]
South Pole −82.8 °C (−116.5 °F) Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station [74]
Asia −68 °C (−90 °F) Verkhoyansk and
Oymyakon, both in Sakha Republic, Russia		 1892-02-07
1933-02-06[20]
Bangladesh 4.5 °C (40 °F) Jessore 2011-01-12
[75]
China −52.3 °C (−62.14 °F) Mohe County 1969-02-13[76]
India −33.9 °C (−27.4 °F) Ladakh 1911-03-22[77]
Iran −36 °C (−32.8 °F) Saqqez 1969[78]
Iraq −17.6°C (0.3 °F) Mosul, Ninawa Governorate 1911-01-24[79]p29
Israel −13.7°C (11.6 °F) Beit Netofa Valley 1950-02-07[80]
Japan −41.0 °C (−41.8 °F) Asahikawa, Hokkaidō 1902-01-25[12]
Malaysia 7.8 °C (46.0 °F) Cameron Highlands 1978-02-01[13]
Nepal −45.0 °C (−49.0 °F) Mt. Everest, Sagarmatha 1999-05-15[12]
North Korea −43.6 °C ( -46.48°F) Chunggangjin 1933-01-12[81]
Philippines 2 °C (35.6 °F) Mount Pulag, Mountain Province 2011-01[82]
Thailand −1.4 °C (29.48°F) Sakon Nakorn 1974-01-02[18]
Turkey −46.4 °C (−51.5 °F) Van 1990-01-09[19]
North America −66.1 °C (−87 °F) North Ice, Greenland 1954-01-09[20]
Canada −63 °C (−81 °F) Snag, Yukon, Canada 1947-02-03[20][70]
Mexico −32 °C (−25.6 °F) Santa Barbara, Durango 1999[83]
United States −62 °C (−80 °F) Prospect Creek, Alaska 1971-01-23[84]
Europe −58.1 °C (−72.6°F) Ust' Shchugor, Russia 1978-12-31[24]
Albania −27.5 °C (−17.5 °F) Voskopojë 1967-01-27
Austria −37.4 °C (−38.6 °F) Sonnblick 1905-01-01[85]
Belarus −42.2 °C (−44.0 °F) Slavnom, Vitsebsk Voblast 1940-01-17[86]
Belgium −30.1 °C (−22.2 °F) Valley of the Lesse in Rochefort 1940-01-20[87]
Bulgaria −38.3 °C (−37 °F) Tran 1947-01-25[26]
Croatia −35.5 °C (−31.5 °F) Čakovec 1929-02-03[27]
Czech Republic −42.2 °C (−44.0 °F) Litvínovice 1929-02-11[28]
Denmark −31.2 °C (−24.2 °F) Thisted Municipality, North Denmark Region 1982-01-08[29]
England −26.1 °C (−15.0 °F) Newport, Shropshire, West Midlands 1982-01-10[30]
Estonia −43.5 °C (−46.0 °F) Jõgeva, Jõgeva County 1940-01-17[31]
Finland −51.5 °C (−60.7 °F) Kittilä, Lapland 1999-01-28[88]
France −41.0 °C (−41.8 °F) Mouthe, Doubs 1985-01-17[89]
Germany −45.9 °C (−50.6 °F) Funtensee, Nationalpark Berchtesgaden, Bavaria 2001-12-24[34]
Greece −27.8 °C (−18.0 °F) Ptolemaida 1967-01-27[90]
Hungary −35.0 °C (−31.0 °F) Görömbölytapolca 1940-02-16[36]
Iceland −37.9 °C (−36.2 °F) Grímsstaðir 1918-01-21[37]
Ireland −19.1 °C (−2.4 °F) Markree Castle, County Sligo 1881-01-16[39]
Italy −48.3 °C (−54.9 °F) Busa Fradusta, Pale di San Martino 2010-12-27[91]
Latvia −43.2 °C (−45.8 °F) Daugavpils 1956-02-08[40]
Lithuania −42.9 °C(−45.2 °F) Utena, Utena County 1956-02-01[41]
Macedonia −31.5 °C(−24.7 °F) Berovo, Berovo Municipality 1954-01-27[92]
Netherlands −27.4 °C (−17.3 °F) Winterswijk 1944-01-27[44]
Northern Ireland −18.7 °C (-1.7 °F) Castlederg, County Tyrone 2010-12-24[93]
Norway −51.4 °C (−60.5 °F) Karasjok, Finnmark 1886-01-01[45]
Poland −41.0 °C (−41.8 °F) Suwałki, Województwo Warmiński-Mazurskie 1940-01-11[46]
Portugal −16.0 °C (3.2 °F) Penhas da Saúde, Covilhã Municipality
Miranda do Douro		 1945-01-16 and 1954-02-05[94]
Romania −38.5 °C (−37.3 °F) Bod, Braşov County 1942-01-25[48]
Scotland −27.2 °C (−17.0 °F) Braemar, Aberdeenshire,
Altnaharra, Sutherland		 1895-02-11 and 1982-01-10
1995-12-30[30]
Serbia −39.5 °C (−39.1 °F) Karajukica Bunari, Zlatibor District 1985-01-13[50]
Slovakia −41.0 °C (−41.8 °F) Vigľaš-Pstruša 1929-02-11[95]
Slovenia −34.5 °C (−30.1 °F) Babno Polje 1956-02-15 / 1956-02-16 / 1968-01-13[51]
Spain −32.0 °C (−25.6 °F) Lake Estangento, Lérida 1956-02-02[52]
Sweden −53.0 °C (−63.4 °F) Malgovik, Västerbotten County 1941-12-13[53]
Switzerland −41.8 °C (−43.2 °F) La Brévine 1987-01-12[54]
Ukraine −41.9 °C (−43.4 °F) Luhansk 1935-02-08[96]
Wales −23.3 °C (−9.9 °F) Rhayader, Powys 1940-01-21[30]
South America −39 °C (−38 °F) Valle de los Patos Superior, San Juan, Argentina 1972-07-17[97][98]
Bolivia −25.7 °C (−14.3 °F) Uyuni, Potosí Department 1946-08-04[99]
Brazil −14 °C (7 °F) Caçador, Santa Catarina 1952-06[100]
Chile −37 °C (−35 °F) Coyhaique Alto, Aisén 2002-06-21[101]
Peru −25.2 °C (−13.4 °F) Mazo Cruz, Puno Region 1966-06-30[102]
Uruguay −11 °C (12 °F) Melo, Cerro Largo Department 1967-06-14[62]
Venezuela −12 °C (10 °F) Piedras Blancas, Merida State  ?[3]
Africa −24 °C (−11 °F) Ifrane, Morocco 1935-02-11[20]
Algeria −20 °C (−4 °F) Batna, Batna Province 1945-01-04[103]
Lesotho −20.4 °C (−4.7 °F) Letseng-la-Draai (Letseng-la-Terae), Mokhotlong District 1967-06-12[103]
South Africa −18.6 °C (−1.5 °F) Buffelsfontein, near Molteno, Eastern Cape 1996-06-28[5]
Oceania −25.6 °C (−14.1 °F) Ranfurly, Central Otago, New Zealand 1903-07-18[104]
Australia −23 °C (−9.4 °F) Charlotte Pass, New South Wales, Australia 1994-06-29[105]
Central America and Caribbean Islands −11.5 °C (11.3 °F) Olintepeque, Guatemala  ? [63]
Dominican Republic −3.2 °C (26.2 °F) Valle Nuevo 2011-03-21[106]
Cuba 0.6 °C (33.1 °F) Bainoa 1996-02-18 [107]
Commonwealth of Puerto Rico 4.4 °C (40 °F) Adjuntas
Aibonito
Corozal		 1989-12-28 [108]
1906-02-26 [108]
1945-01-19 [108]

Other cold records

Precipitation

Rain

Snow

Wind speed

Tornadoes

Main article: Tornado records

Deadliest in history

Outbreaks

Tropical cyclones

Main article: List of tropical cyclone records

Most intense (by minimum surface air pressure)

Other severe weather

Hail

Lightning

Other categories

See also

References

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